Thursday, December 16, 2021
Wednesday, December 15, 2021
Can you write a review report of "National Education Framework for School Education 2007" specifically the areas that focus on education?
Summary
All round development of the nation
depends on well managed school education
system. The main bases in developing
this framework are socio-economic, political,
cultural and educational
contexts. The existing Tenth Plan and other educational plans
were also taken into account. To
make the development process more participatory,
attempts for wider participation
of stakeholders at different levels have been made.
Likewise, the research findings
and recommendations of the CDC and research reports
carried out by various
institutions were also taken into consideration. This framework
has laid emphasis on globalization,
modernization, decentralization, and localization of
curriculum in the Nepalese
context. It has also explicitly spelled out the objectives of
equitable and inclusive society
by promoting dignity of labour and skills. This
framework aims at consolidating
the overall development of school management taking
into account of school, teaching
learning activities, teachers and students. Specially,
the principles of curriculum
design and its implementation, the vision of school
education, curriculum structure
and the implementation of the framework have been
systematically presented. The
summary of National Curriculum Framework is as
follows:
(a) Contemporary
curricular issues and challenges:
In course of developing this
framework, the following aspects, issues and challenges
of school education of Nepal have
been taken into account.
- socio-cultural and educational
aspects
- curriculum development process
- consistency and continuity of curriculum
- norms and value based education
- life skill based education
- education
for employment and self-employment
- ICT
based education
- mother tongue
issues
- inclusive
curricular approach
- instructional
approaches
- local need based
education
- subjects taught
- alternative
education
- impact of
globalization in education
- student
assessment and evaluation
- quality and
relevancy of education
- educational
research
- Institutional
capacity
(b) Principles of curriculum
development
Analysing the above mentioned
contemporary curricular issues and challenges, this
framework has set up the
following curriculum development and implementation
principles. The principles to be
adopted are:
- comprehensive
and balanced approach
- organization of
major learning areas
- integrated
approach of curriculum development
- child-centered
curriculum development approach
- basic education
in mother tongue
- inclusive
approach in curriculum development
- local need based
curriculum development approach
- information and communication technology
- life skill based education
- work oriented curriculum
- student
assessment and evaluation
- participatory
curriculum development process
- alternative,
distance/open education policy
- norms
and values based curriculum development
Need of ICT based education
With the dawn of the 21st century, human
civilization has already entered into the era of
information and communication
technology. ICT has already encompassed the world of
mass media. It is a means of
receiving and retrieving, storing and collecting, developing
and applying, communicating and
disseminating knowledge and information. Throughout
the world, ICT has been proved as
one of the important tools for promoting education. It
has been used in the schools in
the following three ways:
- Communicating
and transmitting information related to school administration
- As a tool to
teaching other subjects
- Offering ICT as
a separate subject
It cannot be said that there is
no provision of ICT in the education system of Nepal. ICT
has been incorporated in school
and higher education curricula which are being
implemented in the limited number
of schools and colleges. ICT education has been
given greater importance even in
the periodic plans in order to prepare capable human
resource that could withstand the
challenges brought about by globalization, science and
technology. However, in so saying
the following shortcomings do still exist.
- ICT has not been
properly addressed by the curriculum.
- ICT as a subject
or as a tool of teaching learning has not been clearly defined.
- No vertical
consistency of technical subjects including computer education from
lower to higher level
of education.
- Lack of adequate
physical infrastructure, conducive environment and efficient
resource
persons
To systematize ICT as a separate
subject and as a tool of teaching learning and to
create conducive environment by
mitigating the above mentioned setbacks have
still remained as a challenge.